True to its title, this August 2005 report offers strategies for improving energy efficiency in municipal water treatment facilities. Municipal water supply and wastewater treatment systems are among the most energy-intensive facilities owned and operated by local governments, accounting for about 35% of energy used by municipalities. Water and wastewater treatment and distribution in the United States is estimated to consume 50,000 GWh, representing 1.4% of the total national electricity consumption, and cost over $4 billion annually. However, according to EPA's Energy Star program, 10% savings can readily be achieved in this area.